Nickelous Oxide Quick FactsNickelous oxide refers to nickel(II) oxide, chemical formula NiO. Commonly known as nickel oxide, it appears as a green to black crystalline solid. Found naturally as the mineral bunsenite, it’s primarily produced synthetically by heating nickel metal or nickel compounds in air. Calcining nickel carbonate or nitrate is a common industrial method.NiO exhibits several key properties. It’s thermally stable but can decompose at very high temperatures. Electrically, it’s a p-type semiconductor with a relatively wide band gap (around 3.6-4.0 eV), leading to high resistivity. Its resistance decreases significantly with increasing temperature. Magnetically, NiO is antiferromagnetic below its Néel temperature of approximately 523 K (250 °C).Historically, NiO found use as a green pigment in ceramics and glass. Today, its primary applications leverage its semiconductor properties. It’s a crucial material in certain types of electrochemical devices, including electrodes for fuel cells. NiO serves as a key component in the active mass of nickel-iron (Edison) and nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries as the charged positive electrode material. It also acts as a catalyst in various chemical processes, such as the hydrogenation of oils and in oxidation reactions. Thin films of NiO are investigated for applications in electronic devices, sensors, and electrochromic coatings due to their optical and electrical characteristics.Handle nickelous oxide with care. It is considered toxic, particularly harmful if inhaled as dust or powder, and can cause skin and eye irritation. Proper safety equipment, including respirators and gloves, is essential when handling this compound.

(nickelous oxide)

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